15."O pis'me v TsK KPSS rabotnikov prokuratury SSSR tt.Gdliana T.Kh.i Ivanova N.V.ot11noiabria1986goda,"RGANI,fond89,op.24,no.18;"TsK KPSS.O khode vypolneniia postanovleniia Politbiuro no.P151/3,"RGANI,fond89,op.24,no.19;Anatolii Sobchak,Khozhdenie vo vlast'.Rasskaz o rozhdenii parlamenta(Moscow,1991),chap.5.
16."Khlopkovoe delo,"YouTube video posted by edglezin,April1,2011,[domain] C.Waugh,Tamerlane's Heirs:Perspectives on1991and Its Aftermath in Central Asia(Seattle,2011),27;"Itogi Ashgabatskoi vstrechi vyzvali vzdokh oblegcheniia v strane,"Izvestiia,December14,1991.
17.Waugh,Tamerlane's Heirs,26-51;"Itogi Ashgabatskoi vstrechi vyzvali vzdokh oblegcheniia v strane,"Izvestiia,December14,1991.
18."Uchastniki vstrechi v Ashgabate gotovy stat chlenami sodruzhestva.No ravnopravnymi,"Izvestiia,December13,1991.
19."Put'k sodruzhestvu:Minsk-Ashgabat-Alma-Ata,"Izvestiia,December19,1991;"Istoriia Sovetskogo Soiuza zavershaetsia v stolitse Kazakhstana,"Izvestiia,December20,1991;"Aiaz Mutalibov tozhe v Alma-Ate,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December21,1991.
20."Gorbachev predlagaet nazvanie:Sodruzhestvo evropeiskikh i aziatskikh gosudarstv-SEAZ,"Izvestiia,December19,1991;Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit',488-492.
21.Anatolii Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod.Dnevnik dvukh?pokh,1972-1991gody(Moscow,2008),1037;Mikhail Gorbachev,Memoirs(New York,1995),660.
22.Boris El'tsin,"My perezhili tragicheskii?ksperiment,"Rossiiskaia gazeta,December19,1991.23."Kakie rabochie i predstavitel'nye organy mogut byt'v SNG,"Izvestiia,December19,1991,2;"Respublika vernet sebe staryi gerb,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December19,1991.
24.Author's interview with General Kostiantyn Morozov,September6,2011;"Oppozitsiia nakalivaet obstanovku.Leonid Kravchuk rukovodit gosudarstvom,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December21,1991;"Ratifitsirovano soglashenie o sodzruzhestve nezavisimykh gosudarstv.Ukraina,"Izvestiia,December11,1991;"Sotsiologicheskii opros na aktual'nuiu temu,"Izvestiia,December12,1991.
25."JAB Notes from12/18/91Mtg.w/Ukraine Pres.Kravchuk at Mariinskiy Palace in Kiev,Ukraine,"James A.Baker Papers,box110,folder10;Baker,The Politics of Diplomacy,581-583.
26."JAB Notes from12/18/91Mtg.w/Supreme Soviet Chairman Shushkevich at the Government Res.Minsk,Belarussia[[sic]],"James A.Baker Papers,box110,folder10;"Stanislav Shushkevich:obresti suverennost',no ne raz"ediniat'sia granitsami,"Rossiiskaia gazeta,December10,1991;"Belorusskaia delegatsiia ser'eznee drugikh otneslas'k peregovoram,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December28,1991;"Moldova vstupit v SNG?"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December21,1991.
27."Stanet li Belovezhskaia pushcha karabakhskoi,"Rossiiskaia gazeta,December21,1991;Petr Kravchenko,"Belarus'na rasput'e.Zapiski diplomata i politika,"Narodnaia volia,nos.154-157,September30,2006;Rossiia priznala nezavisimost'Moldovy,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December19,1991.
28."Shturmuiut politsiiu,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December10,1991;"Snova krov'v Dubossarakh,"Izvestiia,December14,1991;"Komitet samooborony Nagorno-Karabakhskoi respubliki,"Izvestiia,December20,1991;"Armeniia ukrepliaet granitsy,"Izvestiia,December20,2;"Nezavisimost'tol'ko togda chego-nibud'stoit,kogda ona umeet sebia zashchishchat'.Novye ukazy prezidenta Armenii,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December21,1991;"Bezopasnost'ne garantiruetsia,"Rossiiskaia gazeta,December21,1991.
29.Evgenii Shaposhnikov,Vybor.Zapiski glavnokomanduiushchego(Moscow,1993),129-130.
30."Istoriia Sovetskogo Soiuza zavershaetsia v stolitse Kazakhstana,"Izvestiia,December20,1991,1;"Prezident sozdaet armiiu.Chem vse-taki komanduet Leonid Kravchuk?"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December17,1991;Kostiantyn P.Morozov,Above and Beyond:From Soviet General to Ukrainian State Builder(Cambridge,MA,2000),183-193;Leonid Kravchuk,Maiemo te,shcho maiemo.Spohady i rozdumy(Kyiv,2002),145.
31.Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit',493-503;Raspad SSSR:Dokumenty i fakty(1986-1992gg.),vol.1,Normativnye akty.Ofitsial'nye soobshcheniia,ed.S.M.Shakhrai(Moscow,2009),1044-1053;Morozov,Above and Beyond,187-188;Pavel Palazhchenko,My Years with Gorbachev and Shevardnadze:The Memoir of a Soviet Interpreter(University Park,PA,1997),359-360.
32.Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit',499.
33.Telecon with Nursultan Nazarbayev,Saturday,December21,1991,12:55EST;Baker,The Politics of Diplomacy,585.
34."V Alma-Ate rodilos'sodruzhestvo11nezavisimykh gosudarstv,"Izvestiia,December23,1991;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1039.
莫斯科的圣诞节
1.Anatolii Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod.Dnevnik dvukh?pokh,1972-1991gody(Moscow,2008),1039;Aleksandr Korzhakov,Boris El'tsin:ot rassveta do zakata(Moscow,1997),129-130;Conor O'Clery,Moscow,December25,1991:The Last Days of the Soviet Union(New York,2011),207-208.
2.Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1039-1044;O'Clery,Moscow,208.
3.Aleksandr Iakovlev,Sumerki(Moscow,2005),506-507;Georgii Shakhnazarov,Tsena svobody.Reformatsiia Gorbacheva glazami ego pomoshchnika(Moscow,1993),307;O'Clery,Moscow,208-219;Boris Yeltsin,The Struggle for Russia,trans.Catherine A.Fitzpatrick(New York,1994),120-121;Korzhakov,Yeltsin,129-130;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1040,1042.
4.Michael Dobbs,Down with Big Brother:The Fall of the Soviet Empire(New York,1997),447-448;Boris Pankin,The Last Hundred Days of the Soviet Union(London,1996),86;Yeltsin,The Struggle for Russia,122-123,305-316;O'Clery,Moscow,211-214;Korzhakov,El'tsin,137-138.5.Iakovlev,Sumerki,508.
6.同上，507;Memorandum of telephone conversation with President Boris Yeltsin,December23,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Memcons and Telcons,[domain].
7.Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1042;O'Clery,Moscow,208,211-214.
8.O'Clery,Moscow,25-26.
9.Pavel Palazhchenko,My Years with Gorbachev and Shevardnadze:The Memoir of a Soviet Interpreter(University Park,PA,1997),364-366;"Telecon with Mikhail Gorbachev,President of the Soviet Union,"December25,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Memcons and Telcons,[domain].
10.Palazhchenko,My Years,365.
11.O'Clery,Moscow,201-205,218,226.
12.同上，222,225;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1040-1042;"Obrashchenie M.S.Gorbacheva k narodu,"December1991,Gorbachev Foundation Archive,fond5,no.10868;Andrei Grachev,"Proekt obrashcheniia Prezidenta SSSR k narodu,"December14,1991,Gorbachev Foundation Archive,fond5,no.10884.1;Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit'.Belaia kniga.Dokumenty i fakty o politike M.S.Gorbacheva po reformirovaniiu i sokhraneniiu mnogonatsional'nogo gosudarsta,2nd ed.(Moscow,2007),504-507;"Yeltsin po-prezhnemu populiaren.Po krainei mere v Moskve,"Nezavisimaia gazeta,December19,1991.
13.Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1042-1043;Evgenii Shaposhnikov,Vybor.Zapiski glavnokomanduiushchego(Moscow,1993),136;Mikhail Gorbachev,Memoirs(New York,1995),671-672;Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit',507;Palazhchenko,My Years,366-367;O'Clery,Moscow,231-237.
14.O'Clery,Moscow,236-237,241-247;Andrei Grachev,Gorbachev.Chelovek,kotoryi khotel kak luchshe(Moscow,2001),418;Gorbachev,Memoirs,671;Cherniaev,My Years,399;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1043.
15.Michael R.Beschloss and Strobe Talbott,At the Highest Levels:The Inside Story of the End of the Cold War(Boston,1993),464.
16.Nick Burns to Dennis Ross and Thomas Niles,December23,1991;"Draft Statement on the Resignation of President Gorbachev,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Chronological Files:December1991,no.1.Cf."Statement on the Resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev as President of the Soviet Union,"December25,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,[domain].
17.2012年6月15泄，作者在哈佛大学采访尼古拉斯·伯恩斯；Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,459-460;Nick Burns to Ron McMullen,United States Military Academy,West Point,December31,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Chronological Files:December1991,no.1.
18."Address on Gorbachev Resignation,"December25,1991,C-SPAN,http://www.c-spanvideo.
org/program/23549-1〉;Address to the Nation on the Commonwealth of Independent States,"December25,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,[domain].
19.Author's interview with Nicholas Burns,Harvard University,June15,2012.
20.Address to the Nation on the Commonwealth of Independent States,"December25,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,[domain] Secstate to all diplomatic and consular posts,"U.S.Policy on Recognition of Former Soviet Republics.Press Guidance,"December28,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,John A.Gordon Series,Subject Files:Russia,December1991.
21."The President's News Conference,"December28,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,[domain] Baker to Mikhail Gorbachev,December29,1991,James A.Baker Papers,box110,folder10.
23.O'Clery,Moscow,261-262;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1043-1044;Grachev,Gorbachev,420.
24.Gorbachev,Memoirs,672;Yeltsin,The Struggle for Russia,124.
25.Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1043-1044.
26.同上，1042.
27.Gorbachev,Memoirs,672;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,1042-1043;Grachev,Gorbachev,417-418.
28.O'Clery,Moscow,266-267.
29.Iakovlev,Sumerki,555.
30.Gorbachev,Memoirs,671;Yeltsin,The Struggle for Russia,124;Korzhakov,El'tsin,139.
31.Timothy J.Colton,Yeltsin:A Life(New York,2008),140-150.
